Two frame numbers are removed per minute, except every 10th minute, to make the video 108 frames shorter, allowing the video to end in real time. So, within that hour, DF video removes 108 frame numbers so that a 29.97 fps video will finish at 01:00 instead of 00:59:56:12. In one hour, the difference between a 30 fps video and a 29.97 fps video is 108 frames.
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03 of a frame adds up to a full frame (once every 33.33 seconds). DF does not actually remove any frames from your video instead, it effectively drops a frame number every time the remaining. For example, after 60 real-time minutes, a video playing at a frame rate of 29.97 fps will only read 00:59:56:12.ĭrop frame (DF) timecode was introduced in an attempt to make 29.97 fps video indicate real-time to alleviate this disparity. This means that for every 100 seconds, there will be 2997 frames instead of 3000, creating a lag between video time and real time. This created a disparity between real-time and video time, as a fraction of a frame cannot be produced in one second. When color video was introduced, the frame rate slowed to 29.97 fps to allow color television to run on black-and-white receivers. Initially, black and white video ran at 30 fps.
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Learn about closed captioning for TV and film ? Keep in mind that a faster frame rate during shooting will produce slower motion during playback. SMPTE (Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) The following chart reflects the frame rate standards developed by SMPTE (as well as the European standards developed by the European Broadcasting Union, EBU): For instance, if your frame rate is 29.97 fps, the timecode after hh:mm:01:29 would be hh:mm:02:00. The final part of the SMPTE timecode reflects the frame number this number can only go as high as the frame rate. black and white.įrame rate is important for SMPTE timecode because it dictates how many frames per second (fps) appear in the media.
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The frame rate is derived directly from the data of the recorded medium in other words, the frame rate is inherent to the media and can differ for film vs. SMPTE timecode appears as hour:minute:second:frame (for example, one hour would be written as 01:00:00:00). The standard was developed and defined by the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (hence the name SMPTE) and allowed for accurate editing, synchronization, and identification of media. SMPTE timecode is a standard for labeling frames of video or film. Let’s begin by explaining SMPTE timecodes in more detail.Ĭaptioning Best Practices for Media & Entertainment ➡️
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SMPTE-based captions are most commonly required for the digital distribution of broadcast media. If you are using an SMPTE-based timecoded caption format, then you may need to take into consideration specific frame rate settings.
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After reading this blog, you’ll have the knowledge you need to utilize DF and NDF for captions and to even teach others about it.įirst, you should know that video is measured in invisible units called frames, and the frame rate is the rate at which a video plays back frames. If you’ve never heard of drop frame (DF) timecode or non-drop frame (NDF) timecode, that’s no problem.